工業(yè)煙氣超低排放改造中，常采用濕法脫硫進(jìn)行煙氣凈化，凈化后的煙氣從煙囪排出，常常會(huì)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的拖尾現(xiàn)象，有時(shí)可達(dá)數(shù)百米。凈煙氣雖已達(dá)到超低排放水平，但造成了視覺(jué)污染和水資源的大量浪費(fèi)，采用氨法脫硫的，有部分“硫銨雨”則會(huì)對(duì)周邊設(shè)備造成嚴(yán)重腐蝕。由于國(guó)家政策不再?gòu)?qiáng)制性要求企業(yè)對(duì)煙氣進(jìn)行脫白治理，那么從脫硫系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方面進(jìn)行改良，避免煙氣拖尾現(xiàn)象成為必要舉措。
In the transformation of ultra-low emission of industrial flue gas, wet desulfurization is often used for flue gas purification. The purified flue gas is discharged from the chimney, which often produces serious tailing, sometimes up to hundreds of meters. Although the net flue gas has reached the ultra-low emission level, it has caused visual pollution and a large waste of water resources. If ammonia desulfurization is adopted, some "ammonium sulfate rain" will cause serious corrosion to the surrounding equipment. Since the national policy no longer requires enterprises to de whiten the flue gas, it is necessary to improve the design of desulfurization system to avoid flue gas tailing.
下面以氨法脫硫?yàn)槔治鰺煔馔衔驳闹饕颉?/div>
Taking ammonia desulfurization as an example, the main causes of flue gas tailing are analyzed.
1.物理因素
1. Physical factors
經(jīng)過(guò)氨法脫硫系統(tǒng)的高溫?zé)煔馀c其隔斷液相接觸后逐步達(dá)到飽和狀態(tài)。攜帶著液滴的煙氣排入大氣后凝結(jié)成白色，形成視覺(jué)上的拖尾效果，環(huán)境溫度越低、煙氣濕度越大拖尾現(xiàn)象越嚴(yán)重。
After the high-temperature flue gas of ammonia desulfurization system contacts with its partition liquid, it gradually reaches the saturation state. The flue gas carrying droplets condenses into white after being discharged into the atmosphere, forming a visual tailing effect. The lower the ambient temperature and the greater the flue gas humidity, the more serious the tailing phenomenon is.
2.氨逃逸
2. Ammonia escape
氨法脫硫過(guò)程中，作為脫硫劑的液氨或氨水會(huì)分解為氣體氨與水，由于氣體氨不易與煙氣發(fā)生反應(yīng)，會(huì)與煙氣一起從煙囪排出，這就是氨逃逸，尤其是噴氨過(guò)量時(shí)，會(huì)加劇氨逃逸的現(xiàn)象，煙囪排出的煙羽會(huì)更長(zhǎng)。
In the process of ammonia desulfurization, liquid ammonia or ammonia water as desulfurizer will be decomposed into gas ammonia and water. Because gas ammonia is not easy to react with flue gas, it will be discharged from the chimney together with flue gas, which is ammonia escape. Especially when excessive ammonia injection will aggravate the phenomenon of ammonia escape, and the smoke plume discharged from the chimney will be longer.
3.氣溶膠
3. Aerosol
氣溶膠是指液體或固體小質(zhì)點(diǎn)在大氣中分散懸浮形成的膠體分散體。氨法脫硫后的氣溶膠主要成分是銨鹽類，煙氣中氣溶膠含量越大，煙氣的拖尾現(xiàn)象就越嚴(yán)重。
Aerosol refers to the colloidal dispersion formed by the dispersion and suspension of small liquid or solid particles in the atmosphere. The aerosol after ammonia desulfurization is mainly composed of ammonium salts. The greater the aerosol content in the flue gas, the more serious the tailing phenomenon of the flue gas.
針對(duì)煙氣拖尾的各種原因，可以合理優(yōu)化脫硫系統(tǒng)的工藝設(shè)計(jì)，減少或避免煙氣拖尾現(xiàn)象。
For various reasons of flue gas tailing, the process design of desulfurization system can be reasonably optimized to reduce or avoid flue gas tailing.
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