沼氣作為可再生能源，由有機(jī)物經(jīng)厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)生，成分復(fù)雜，除甲烷外，還含二氧化碳、硫化氫、水分等雜質(zhì)。沼氣提純通過特定工藝去除雜質(zhì)，提高甲烷濃度，不僅能提升能源品質(zhì)，還能拓展應(yīng)用范圍，在能源利用與環(huán)境保護(hù)中意義重大。

　　Biogas, as a renewable energy source, is produced by anaerobic fermentation of organic matter. It has a complex composition and contains impurities such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and water in addition to methane. Biogas purification uses specific processes to remove impurities and increase methane concentration, which not only improves energy quality but also expands its application scope, and is of great significance in energy utilization and environmental protection.

　　提高能源品質(zhì)與燃燒效率，是沼氣提純的核心目的之一。未經(jīng)提純的沼氣中，甲烷濃度通常在一定范圍，其余多為二氧化碳，二氧化碳會降低沼氣的熱值。燃燒時(shí)，二氧化碳吸收熱量，導(dǎo)致火焰溫度降低，燃燒效率下降，無法滿足高效能源設(shè)備要求。提純后，甲烷濃度可大幅提升，熱值接近天然氣，燃燒時(shí)釋放更多熱量，火焰穩(wěn)定且溫度高，可直接用于工業(yè)鍋爐、燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)等設(shè)備，大幅提高能源利用效率。同時(shí)，高純度沼氣燃燒更充分，減少未燃燒甲烷的排放，甲烷作為強(qiáng)效溫室氣體，充分燃燒能降低對環(huán)境的負(fù)面影響。

　　Improving energy quality and combustion efficiency is one of the core objectives of biogas purification. In unpurified biogas, the concentration of methane is usually within a certain range, while the rest is mostly carbon dioxide, which reduces the calorific value of biogas. During combustion, carbon dioxide absorbs heat, resulting in a decrease in flame temperature and combustion efficiency, which cannot meet the requirements of high-efficiency energy equipment. After purification, the concentration of methane can be significantly increased, with a calorific value close to natural gas. When burned, more heat is released, and the flame is stable and the temperature is high. It can be directly used in industrial boilers, gas turbines, and other equipment, greatly improving energy utilization efficiency. At the same time, high-purity biogas is burned more thoroughly, reducing the emission of unburned methane. Methane, as a potent greenhouse gas, can be fully burned to reduce its negative impact on the environment.

　　拓展應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，打破使用局限，是沼氣提純的重要價(jià)值體現(xiàn)。未經(jīng)提純的沼氣因熱值低、雜質(zhì)多，應(yīng)用范圍受限，多只能在發(fā)酵場地附近用于簡單燃燒，無法遠(yuǎn)距離輸送或作為高品質(zhì)燃料使用。提純后的沼氣可達(dá)到天然氣的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，能通過現(xiàn)有天然氣管網(wǎng)輸送，覆蓋更廣泛用戶群體，滿足居民用氣、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)等多元化需求。在交通領(lǐng)域，可作為汽車燃料，燃燒排放的二氧化碳量遠(yuǎn)低于汽油、柴油，且能實(shí)現(xiàn)碳循環(huán)，是低碳交通的重要選擇。此外，還可用于發(fā)電，通過燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組產(chǎn)生穩(wěn)定電力，適合作為分布式能源接入電網(wǎng)，尤其在偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，能緩解電力供應(yīng)不足問題。

　　Expanding application areas and breaking through usage limitations are important value manifestations of biogas purification. Unprocessed biogas is limited in its application due to its low calorific value and high impurities. It can only be used for simple combustion near fermentation sites and cannot be transported over long distances or used as high-quality fuel. The purified biogas can meet the quality standards of natural gas and can be transported through existing natural gas pipelines, covering a wider range of user groups and meeting diversified needs such as residential gas consumption and industrial production. In the field of transportation, it can be used as a fuel for cars, with much lower carbon dioxide emissions from combustion than gasoline and diesel, and can achieve carbon cycling, making it an important choice for low-carbon transportation. In addition, it can also be used for power generation, generating stable electricity through gas-fired generators, suitable for integration into the power grid as a distributed energy source, especially in remote areas, which can alleviate the problem of insufficient power supply.

　　去除有害雜質(zhì)，保障設(shè)備安全與延長使用壽命，是沼氣提純不可忽視的目的。沼氣中的硫化氫是典型的腐蝕性雜質(zhì)，會在燃燒或輸送過程中與水分結(jié)合生成硫酸，腐蝕管道、閥門、燃燒器等設(shè)備，導(dǎo)致設(shè)備泄漏、損壞，增加維護(hù)成本和安全隱患。水分的存在會加劇這一問題，低溫環(huán)境下還可能結(jié)冰堵塞管道，導(dǎo)致輸送中斷。提純過程中，通過脫硫、脫水工藝可降低硫化氫濃度，控制水分含量，避免設(shè)備腐蝕和管道堵塞，顯著延長設(shè)備使用壽命，降低運(yùn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。同時(shí)，去除雜質(zhì)后的沼氣穩(wěn)定性更好，便于長期保存和遠(yuǎn)距離調(diào)配。

　　Removing harmful impurities, ensuring equipment safety, and extending service life are the essential goals of biogas purification that cannot be ignored. Hydrogen sulfide in biogas is a typical corrosive impurity that combines with moisture during combustion or transportation to generate sulfuric acid, corroding equipment such as pipelines, valves, and burners, leading to equipment leakage, damage, increased maintenance costs, and safety hazards. The presence of moisture can exacerbate this problem, and in low temperature environments, it may also freeze and block pipelines, leading to transportation interruptions. During the purification process, desulfurization and dehydration processes can reduce the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, control the moisture content, avoid equipment corrosion and pipeline blockage, significantly extend the service life of equipment, and reduce operational risks. At the same time, the stability of biogas after removing impurities is better, making it easier for long-term storage and long-distance blending.

　　提升環(huán)保效益，減少污染物排放，是沼氣提純的生態(tài)目的。未經(jīng)處理的沼氣直接燃燒時(shí)，硫化氫會轉(zhuǎn)化為二氧化硫，破壞土壤和植被，污染水體；燃燒不充分產(chǎn)生的一氧化碳也會危害人體健康和大氣環(huán)境。提純過程中去除硫化氫，可大幅降低燃燒后二氧化硫排放量，從源頭減少酸雨成因。此外，高純度沼氣的集中利用便于尾氣處理，進(jìn)一步降低污染物排放。對于遠(yuǎn)距離輸送場景，提純后的沼氣壓力更高，輸送效率提升，減少能耗和泄漏，降低對環(huán)境的影響。

　　Improving environmental benefits and reducing pollutant emissions are the ecological goals of biogas purification. When untreated biogas is directly burned, hydrogen sulfide will be converted into sulfur dioxide, damaging soil and vegetation, and polluting water bodies; Insufficient combustion of carbon monoxide can also pose a threat to human health and the atmospheric environment. Removing hydrogen sulfide during the purification process can significantly reduce the emission of sulfur dioxide after combustion and reduce the cause of acid rain from the source. In addition, the centralized utilization of high-purity biogas facilitates exhaust gas treatment and further reduces pollutant emissions. For long-distance transportation scenarios, purified biogas has higher pressure, improved transportation efficiency, reduced energy consumption and leakage, and lower environmental impact.

　　助力能源結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型與可持續(xù)發(fā)展，是沼氣提純的戰(zhàn)略目的?？稍偕茉吹拈_發(fā)利用是必然趨勢，沼氣產(chǎn)生過程實(shí)現(xiàn)了廢棄物的資源化利用，減少了相關(guān)甲烷排放。提純后的生物天然氣可替代化石天然氣，降低對不可再生能源的依賴，推動能源結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型。在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域，提純產(chǎn)生的副產(chǎn)品可被循環(huán)利用，形成循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)模式，提升資源利用效率，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)同發(fā)展。

　　The strategic goal of biogas purification is to assist in the transformation of energy structure and sustainable development. The development and utilization of renewable energy is an inevitable trend, and the process of biogas production realizes the resource utilization of waste and reduces related methane emissions. Purified bio natural gas can replace fossil natural gas, reduce dependence on non renewable energy, and promote energy structure transformation. In the field of agriculture, the by-products generated by purification can be recycled, forming a circular economy model, improving resource utilization efficiency, and promoting industrial synergy development.

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